December 15, 2025

Table of Contents Introduction IMF Identifies Issues in Import Statistics Size and Impact of the Discrepancies IMF-Mandated Corrective Measures Government Steps to Improve Data Accuracy Reforms in Fiscal Reporting Systems Conclusion FAQs IntroductionPakistan will reassess its import statistics following concerns raised by the International Monetary Fund over large inconsistencies in official trade data. The IMF has identified discrepancies estimated between $30 billion and $35 billion over the past seven years, prompting a formal review of import reporting practices. The issue was highlighted in the IMF’s latest staff-level assessment released after the approval of a $1 billion disbursement under the Extended Fund Facility. IMF Identifies Issues in Import StatisticsAccording to the IMF, merchandise import figures reported by the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics show notable inconsistencies. These gaps have raised questions regarding the reliability of official trade data and the methodologies used to compile them. Despite the scale of the discrepancies, the IMF clarified that Pakistan’s balance of payments data compiled by the State Bank of Pakistan is unlikely to face any significant impact. Size and Impact of the DiscrepanciesThe IMF estimates that the divergence in import data spans nearly seven years and falls in the range of $30–35 billion. Such a mismatch has the potential to distort economic indicators and weaken confidence in Pakistan’s macroeconomic reporting. The Fund stressed that accurate trade data is critical for effective policy formulation and external credibility. IMF-Mandated Corrective MeasuresAs part of programme conditions, the IMF has formally instructed Pakistan to evaluate the quality of its import data. Authorities are required to review data collection, verification, and aggregation processes. Pakistan must also prepare revised import statistics along with detailed public explanations, subject to clearance by a technical review committee. Government Steps to Improve Data AccuracyThe government has assured the IMF that improving economic data quality remains a priority. Recent initiatives include the release of Pakistan’s first Agricultural Census in 15 years, along with updated Labour Force and Household Integrated Economic Surveys. The Pakistan Bureau of Statistics is also finalising plans to introduce a Producer Price Index. Additionally, several key surveys, including manufacturing censuses and a family budget survey, are scheduled to begin in FY26. Reforms in Fiscal Reporting SystemsTo strengthen fiscal transparency, Pakistan has established a central Government Finance Statistics unit to collect and classify fiscal data on a regular basis. Work is underway to integrate GFS classifications into the SAP system. Once completed, this integration will allow fiscal reporting in line with international standards and improve data consistency. ConclusionThe IMF’s findings highlight long-standing challenges in Pakistan’s trade data reporting framework. While the identified discrepancies are substantial, ongoing reforms and improved data governance could help restore confidence in official statistics and support more effective economic decision-making. FAQs 1. Why has the IMF asked Pakistan to review import data?Because discrepancies worth $30–35 billion were found in import figures over several years. 2. Will the review affect balance of payments data?The IMF has stated that SBP’s balance of payments data should not be materially affected. 3. What actions must Pakistan take under IMF conditions?Pakistan must review data methodologies, revise import figures, and publish explanations after approval. 4. What steps is the government taking to improve statistics?Major surveys have been released, new indices are planned, and additional data collection will start in FY26. 5. How is fiscal reporting being improved?A central GFS unit has been created, and SAP system integration is in progress to meet global standards.